Faces of the phenomenon of expectations

The article examines the vision of phenomenon expectations in works sociologists. For this purpose, an analysis M. Weber, T. Parsons, A. Schutz, V. Vroom, H. Heckhausen, N. Luhmann, P. Berger, Th. Luckmann, Y. Habermas, Z. Bauman, I. Hoffman, Garfinkel. study showed that expectation is a complex and diverse cannot be reduced to single denominator. traditional method organizing colorful by means selection according one or more criteria classes types has its limitations. After all, classification as explanation can cause false conclusions interpretations, since same manifestations hide different reasons for their occurrence. K. Levin called way theorizing Aristotelian. scientist saw out situation transition Galilean thinking. from abstract-classifying constructive method. latter searching existence natural social phenomena. This thinking demonstrated above-mentioned Thanks works, it was possible distinguish four expectations. first pre-intentional expectations, second rational-activity third communicative-role fourth background essence type consists unlimited dreams, fantasies, illusions, imaginations, which are concentrated consciousness subject have no influence on external world. anticipatory reflection object-transforming activity, processes acquisition appropriation objects, takes form intentions, plans, calculations, purpose activity. manifested observance interaction partners standardized norms, rules, requirements, reproduction status role standards behavior. lies presence fixed attitudes behavior individual, features everyday processes, accepted person life faith.